Apparatus for making composite glass



April 15, 1930. J. H FX.:T AL

APPARATUS FOR MAKING COMPOSITE GLASS Fi led Au 1. 1928 6 Sheets-Sheet A rii 15, 1930 ,J. A. FOX ET AL Filed Aug. 1; 1928 v APPARATUS FOR MAKING COMPOSITE GLASS fimpnrfl M5 fi flfl. H Fcjx ET AL LYEMBSE I APPARATUS FOR MAKING COMPOSITE GLASS Filed Aug 1928 7 6 Shets-Sheeb 3 INVENTOR$ April :55, mm

JzHil mx ET AL APPARATUS FOR MAKING COMPOSITE GLASS 1 1928 6 Sheets-Shem Filed Aug:v

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APPARATUS FOR MAKING COMPOSITE GLASS 1 Filed Aug, 1, 1928 6 Sheets-Shee t 6 mm c mi i ntecl Apr. 15, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

E. lll'l'lll; .hldl) WUlElhLIAh I OWEN, OE llI'lETSlSl'J'RGH, PENNSYLVANIA, .KSSIG-NORS ll'lll ll ll'lllltlldUBGlld IPll'llhTE GLASS OOMPANSZ', A. CORPORATION Uh PENNSYLVANIA.

.lELlElPAlR d'lUS FOR MAKING GOlVHEUSI'I E GLASS hrirglnal application filed llecember 1'3,

The invention relates to an apparatus for making composite glass, and particularly to the means for applying heat and pressure to sheets of glass with a sheet of celluloid ce lll lti

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l-lti ltd merited therebetween, although a greater or less number of layers of material may be employed. It is preferredto assemble the sheets with-a coating of cement, such as gelatin dried uponthe surfaces of'the glass, which are to be cemented to the celluloid, the heat subsequently applied to the assembled sheets serving to soften the gelatin and secure adhesion when pressure is applied, but it will be understood that the apparatus may be used in other ways. F or instance, a sufficient amount of heat and pressure will cause the adherence of the celluloid to the glass without the use of any cement, and the invention may be em ployed in such way, it desired. The inventionhas for its primary objects the provision oil a means whereby a pluralityot' composite plates may be termed simultaneously, and whereby quantity production maybe secured with a limited number of operatives. Une

embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a plan view of the apparatus.

l ig. 2 is a transverse section on the line llll o'l llig. 1. Fig. 3 is a view similar to that ol ltig. s, but on an enlarged scale and-showing only one-halt out the apparatus. Fig, is ascction on the line lV-lEV of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an enlarged section through one cl the heat ing units. Fig. 6 is a plan view ct one of the heating elements. Fig. '7 is an enlarged sec tion. on the line Vll--VII of Fig. 3. Fig. 8 is a plan view showing a modification. And l'lig. h is a section through another modifier tion.

ln carrying out the process, the sheets of glass and celluloid which are to be formed into composite plates are brought into position opposite the turntable 1 carrying the series of presses .9; on the endless carrier 8. These ites have been previously treated to prere them for the pressing operation, such 1926, Serial No. 155, l25. Divided and this application filed. August Serial lilo. 296,??9.

treatment involving the cleaning of the glass and celluloid plates and the application to one side of each'of the glass sheets of a thin film of gelatin or other cement. This cement is of such a character that'when a'celluloid sheet is placed between two glass sheets and heat and pressure applied thereto, the cementwill be softened and the sheets will be securely attached together when the composite plate thus formed has cooled 0d, it being desirable that this cooling off should occur while the sheets are maintained under pressure. If

' gelatin is used as a cement, the temperature ordinarily employed will be about 250 degrees F. and the pressure about 150 lbs. per square inch.

ln brder to make the operation a multiple one, to form a number of composite plates at the same time, the sheets are arranged in a stack with alternate heating elements, as-indicated in Fig. 7, such assembling of the plates preferably being done upon one or, more racks l placed ad]acent the end oil the carrier 3.

The racks are provided with standardsh at the sides adapted to support the plates 6 from which the heating elements are supported. As indicated in l ig. 5, the heating unit consists o f-the seven plates 7 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 1E2 spaced apart so as to receive the sets of glass and celluloid sheets between them. Fig. it indicates the composite plates of glass and celluloid in position ready for the application of heat and pressure, 13, 13 being the glass sheets and 14k the celluloid sheets. The plate 6" i is secured to the heating element by means of the connections 15 held in place by studs or 7 bolts, and the other heating elements 8, 9, 10,

11 and 12 are supported by means of the links -l6 engaging pins projecting from the ends of the elements. lhe entire pack of heating elements is in this manner supported from the plate 6 with the plates or elements separated to permit theinsertion-oi? the glass and celluloid sheets. At the same time, the loose con nections permititheelements to move upward when the unit is placed in the press, as later described. After the glass and celluloid plates have been placed between theheating units, the unit may be lifted lrom the overhead crane 17 provided at its lower end with hookmembers 18, which fit around the projecting edges of the plate 6. The unit carrying the sheets tobe secured together can now be placed upon one of the base members 18 of a press, the press head 19 being at such time moved inward, so that it is out of the way, the arrangement whereby this is accomplished being later described.

Each of the heating units or plates 7, 8, 9, etc. is cored out, as indicated in Fig. 6 to provide a passageway 20 for the application of a heating fluid, such as steam. 1 A connection 21 (Figs. 3 and 5) is provided to the passageway 20 in the bottom element or plate 12 for supplying steam to such passageway, and the other end of such passageway is connected by means of the pipe 22 (Fig. 6) to the passageway 20 in the plate 12 lying above the plate 12. Similarly, the passageway 20 in the plate 12 is connected to the passageway 20 in the plate 11, all of the passageways in the series of plates being thus connected up so that a flow of steam from the inlet pipe 21 passes through the entire series of elements until it reaches the outlet pipe 23. The pipe 21 leads to a four-way valve 24, while the pipe 23 leads to the four-way valve 24, and a handle 25 is provided for operating both of the valve levers together. A steam connection 26 leads to the four-way valve 24 and also a water pipe 27. \Vhen the valve 24 is in the position shown, steam is conducted through the heating elements and out through the pipe 23, this being the condition which exists during the a phcation of pressure to the heating unit. A ter the a plication of such pressure, it becomes desira le to cool off the unit as rapidly as possible, and this is accomplished by shifting the rod 25 to the right and operating the valve 24 through a rotation of 90 degrees to cut off the steam supply and connect the water pipe 27 with the pipe 21, the valve 24 being rotated at the same time to connect the pipe 23 with the water outlet pipe 28. A flow of water is thus secured through the unit so that it is cooled quickly, thus permitting the removal of the unit from the press after'a relatively short period and making it comfortable for the operatives to handle the composite plates after the press is opened.

In order to get the presser head 19 out of the way so that the heating units with the sheets carried thereby may be positioned upon the base member 18 of the press, the head and its operating means are mounted so that they may be moved radially inward to the position indicated in Fig. 3. Theparts are also moved to this position when it is desired to remove the heating unit after the pressing operation. In providing for this feature, the head 19 and its operating lever 29 and the cylinder 30 are carried u on a frame or standard '31 mounted for sliding radial movement inward and outward upon the wheels 31" 4). The standard 31 is provided with for swinging the lever 29 and fluid pressure is provided for operating the plunger b means of the connections 38 and 39 controlled by the four-way valve 40. Leading from this four-way valve is a drain pipe 41 and aconnection 42 leading to the header 43 placed centrally of the turntable, such header being supplied with fluid under pressure through the pipe 44. Steam and water are supplied to the pipes 26 and 27 from the headers 45 and 46 located centrally of the turntable, such headers being supplied from the pipes 47 and 48.

The turntable 1 preferably carries twelve presses, all similar to the one heretofore described and all having suitable connections to the central headers 43, 45 and 46. The turntable is 'iven a step by step rotation so as to bring 516 presses successively past the loading point, and after the pressing operation is completed, the heating units are removed from the presses and the composite plates taken out and placed upon carrying trucks by which the are transported to the apparatus for roun ing up the edges. Two of these trucks 49 are shown in Fig. 1. The units can then be reloaded and placed in the presses, as heretofore described. The valves for admitting steam and water. to the heating units and for controlling the supply of fluid pressure to the press 0 eratin the cylinders, are shown and descri ed as iand-operated, but the actuation of these valves, if desired,

may be made automatic by the movement of the turntable, and suitable means for accomplishing this result being shown and described in a somewhat similar apparatus in my copending application, Serial N 0. 155,424. The turntable is given its step by step rotation by means of the apparatus shown in plan view in Fig. 1. This ap aratus includes the motor 50, which drives he vertical shaft 51 through the'intermediary of a worm on the motor shaft 52 and a worm wheel on the shaft 51. The shaft 51 carries a crank disc 53, to which is attachedthe connecting rod 54. The free end of this connecting'rod is provided with a sprin pressed dog 55 held in. engagement with t e rack 56 on the peri hery of the turntable (Fig. 3) by means of the segmental guide 57.

In operation, the glass and celluloid sheets,

arranged in sets of three (Fig. 7), are placedin the heating unitsupported on the rack 4, as indicated in Fi 3, after which the crane 17 lifts the unit an places it upon the presser block 18, thepresser head at such time being v 66 and 6? are the respectively,vvhil steam and Water errh its inner position, as shown it here is no interference lies the heating in'l, new operated to admit iluid loene th the plunger 3'? of t 7 ing" the head nove down one. A necessary pressureqto the heating; one the set of plates ca 7 .ierehy. At time, the th vv y ve 2t is ope admit fluid on... pressure through Qll to the perforated. plates 7 to 12% haust steam passing out through the pipe 2% (Fig; 5). lifter the steam has been ap lied tothe heatirug plates long" enough to screen the cement. between the glass and celluloid, the valve rod is S lifted to out ed he supply and move t e valve 2t so is supplied through the pipe 21 and th the heating plates, such Water being exhausted through the pipe This cooling; flow of water is maintained until the composite plates cool down to a point at-vvhich they z anay he conveniently handled and pressure is maintained upon the plates during this cooling ac tion, as the cementing action has been found to he more effective t on the pressure maintained upon the es during the cool-- ing action. l his operation is repeated upon. each of the twelve presses carried l j the turn-- table and when the presses again arrive ad-- jacent the loading point and the presser head 19 is raised, the motors are nerated move the frame 31 loacli': to the st posh tion shown in Fig.3, at Which time, the head 19 lies inward with respect to the heating unit. The crane l'l can now he brought into play to move the heating unit on to one of the stands 4, at which time the composite plates may be. removed from the unit and placed upon one of the trucks 4:9. In the construction heretofore descrihed, the plates 7 to 12 of the heatingrunit have their passages all coupled together so that the steam supply from the pipe 21 passes through all of the plates in series. lin some cases, it may he desirable to have a separate steam supply for each plate, as this will give a more rapid heating of the plates, and this arrangement is indicated in Fig. 8, wherein each plate 5'? has tvvo passages 58, 59, the pipes 60, servin as the en trt from the passages 58, 58, erticalheaders 61 and 6? supply steam and Water valves 63 and 64, such valves he, one above the other s'othat t controlling valves oppositeea valves 63 and (it Wayvalve arr pipes 7 parts are in the position heated by from to the four--vvay militia Which bolted to the presser head plate l d. lln this construction, the heater plates hclovv the plates are suspended by means of linlrs as in the construction heretofore described and heating fluid is supplied through such plates in the same manner as in the form of 0011- I struction wherein the unit is made remov alole. lln this form of construction, the units remain in the presses so that loading occurs with the heating plates supported from the head W ges shown llt 's, therefore, notnecessary to mount the presse 1 head. and operating parts for radial movement as is done in the construction of it thus simplifying the construction to considerahle extent. After the pressing operation, the presser heads 19 are raised and the composite glass and celluloid plates removed. and a nev. set of sheets inserted between the heating plates. ln the use of both forms of app tus, is desirahle to place sheets of paper other suitable material hetvveen the faces of the heating elements and those of the sheets to avoid danger of scratching the glass.

What We claim is:

1. Apparatus for olyin pressure to a plurality of sets of sl" :s with interposed layers of reinforcing material comprisi a ca rier mounted for movement, a plurality of presses mounted on the carrier andeach consisting of lease in fixed position on the carrier, and a presser head power means therefor mounted on the carrier for movement transversely of the base, so that in one position the head lies over the base and in another position it lies to one side of the base.

2. Apparatus for applying pressure to a plurality of sets of glass and reinforcing layers comprising, a turntable, and a plurality of presses mounted on the turntable, and each consisting of a base in fixed position adjacent the periphery of the table, and a presser head and power means therefor mounted for radial movement in and out, so that in its outer position, thehead lies over the lease and in its inner position, it lies to oneside' of the lease.

El. Apparatus for applying pressure to a plurality of sets of glass and reinforcing layers comprising, a turntable, a plurality of presses mounted on the turntable and each consisting of a hase in fixed position adja cent the edge of the turntable, and a presser Ill) head and power means therefor mounted for radial movement in and out, so that the head may be I sitioned either over said base or inward t ereof, and means for moving said head and its power means in and out.

In testimony where0f,' we have hereunto subscribed ou r names this 25th day of July,

I JOHN.H. FOX.

WILLIAM OWEN. 

